====== C#文件同步工具教程 ======
來源:http://www.cnblogs.com/meta/archive/2006/05/06/392522.html
我要介紹一下,用C#中FileSystemWatcher作文件監測同步更新兩個不同目錄中文件的小工具(A目錄中的1.txt發生改變時,B目錄中的1.txt也會自動改變以達到與A中的更新到相同的版本),讓更多的編程愛好者能更快的入門,達到多學多練提高自身水平,當然,我不是牛人,還有很多不足之處,請指正(聲明:代碼中有很多待改進的地方,因多種原因,我沒有改,完整的代碼和一些資源,請到我的blog來下載http://blog.csdn.net/metababy)。
項目文件壓縮包下載地址:
[[http://files.cnblogs.com/meta/文件同步工具.rar]]\\
本地下載: {{ :program:csharp:文件同步工具.rar |}}
用FileSystemWatcher在MSDN裡搜,找到URL為
ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2003FEB.2052/cpref/html/frlrfsystemiofilesystemwatcherclassctortopic.htm
的頁面,在此頁的示例裡複製出這個代碼片斷//
// Create a new FileSystemWatcher and set its properties.
FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
watcher.Path = args[1];
/* Watch for changes in LastAccess and LastWrite times, and
the renaming of files or directories. */
watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.LastAccess | NotifyFilters.LastWrite
| NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName;
// Only watch text files.
watcher.Filter = "*.txt";
// Add event handlers.
watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Deleted += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Renamed += new RenamedEventHandler(OnRenamed);
// Begin watching.
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
// Wait for the user to quit the program.
Console.WriteLine("Press \'q\' to quit the sample.");
while(Console.Read()!='q');
}
// Define the event handlers.
private static void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
// Specify what is done when a file is changed, created, or deleted.
Console.WriteLine("File: " + e.FullPath + " " + e.ChangeType);
}
private static void OnRenamed(object source, RenamedEventArgs e)
{
// Specify what is done when a file is renamed.
Console.WriteLine("File: {0} renamed to {1}", e.OldFullPath, e.FullPath);
}
}
從工具箱裡拖FolderBrowserDialog到Form1,在窗口底部會出現folderBrowserDialog1,保持其當前狀態,按F1,並在出現的頁面上點擊「FolderBrowserDialog構造函數,就會找到URL為
ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2003FEB.2052/cpref/html/frlrfsystemwindowsformsfolderbrowserdialogclassctortopic.htm
的頁面,在此頁的末尾的地方有這樣的代碼片斷//
// Close the current file.
private void closeMenuItem_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
richTextBox1.Text = "";
fileOpened = false;
closeMenuItem.Enabled = false;
}
// Bring up a dialog to chose a folder path in which to open or save a file.
private void folderMenuItem_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// Show the FolderBrowserDialog.
DialogResult result = folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog();
if( result == DialogResult.OK )
{
folderName = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath;
if(!fileOpened)
{
// No file is opened, bring up openFileDialog in selected path.
openFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = folderName;
openFileDialog1.FileName = null;
openMenuItem.PerformClick();
}
}
}
}
新建C#項目,選「windows應用程序」,從工具箱拖Label到Form1,在屬性欄設置其location為20,20; size為70,23; 將Text改為「源目錄」。再拖TextBox到Form1,設置其location為16,60; size為200,21; 將Text刪除為空。
再拖Button到Form1,設置其location為230,60; size為63,23; 將Text改為「瀏覽」。
像上面一樣,再在適當的位置添加「目標目錄」label(location:20,104 size:80,23 text:目標目錄)和textbox(location:24,152 size:260,21 text:空,及「開始監測」button(location:130,192 size:80,23 text:開始監測)和另一個button-「瀏覽」
各組件屬性列表如下:\\
name:label1 location:20,20 size:70,23 text:「源目錄」\\
name:textbox1 location:16,60 size:200,21 text:為空\\
name:button1 location:230,60 size:63,23 text:「瀏覽」\\
name:label2 location:20,104 size:80,23 text:「目標目錄」\\
name:textbox2 location:24,152 size:260,21 text:為空\\
name:button2 location:130,192 size:80,23 text:「開始監測」\\
name:button3 location:232,152 size:60,23 text:「瀏覽」\\
此時form1看起來像這樣(圖1):\\
{{:program:csharp:o_1.jpg|}}
在form1的設計介面上雙擊button1,轉到代碼窗口。
在光標閃爍的位置填入前面介紹的從MSDN上選取讀目錄的代碼,button1的雙擊處理方法現在像這樣\\
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
DialogResult result = folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog();
if( result == DialogResult.OK )
textBox1.Text = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath;
}
轉到form1的設計介面,雙擊button3,將button3的雙擊處理方法改為這樣:\\
private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
DialogResult result = folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog();
if( result == DialogResult.OK )
textBox2.Text = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath;
}
在button2的處理方法裡加入監測代碼,完成後的代碼,如下:\\
private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
watcher.Path = textBox1.Text; //監測目錄改為textbox1.text
/* 此代碼片斷是MSDN裡找的,前面介紹過的 */
watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.LastAccess | NotifyFilters.LastWrite
| NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName;
// Only watch text files.
watcher.Filter = "";
// Add event handlers.
watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Deleted += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnDeleted);
watcher.Renamed += new RenamedEventHandler(OnRenamed);
// Begin watching.
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
}
注意在代碼最前面加入\\
using System.IO;\\
using System.Diagnostics;\\
這兩個名稱空間。\\
在button3的處理方法後,再加入三個方法,代碼如下:\\
private void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
// Specify what is done when a file is changed, created, or deleted.
File.Copy(this.textBox1.Text+"\\"+e.Name,this.textBox2.Text+"\\"+e.Name,true);
}
private void OnRenamed(object source, RenamedEventArgs e)
{
// Specify what is done when a file is renamed.
File.Copy(this.textBox1.Text+"\\"+e.Name,this.textBox2.Text+"\\"+e.Name,true);
}
private void OnDeleted(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
File.Delete(this.textBox2.Text+"\\"+e.Name);
}
完整的代碼和一些資源,請到我的blog來下載http://blog.csdn.net/metababy \\
另:這個工具,很簡單,沒有加入處理異常的代碼,也沒有處理當前目錄下的子目錄的功能,這些,你可以自己找幫助看MSDN加入。
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace 文件同步工具
{
///
/// Form1 的摘要說明。
///
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
private System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog folderBrowserDialog1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;
///
/// 必需的設計器變量。
///
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
public Form1()
{
//
// Windows 窗體設計器支持所必需的
//
InitializeComponent();
//
// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 調用後添加任何構造函數代碼
//
}
///
/// 清理所有正在使用的資源。
///
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if( disposing )
{
if (components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
}
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
#region Windows 窗體設計器生成的代碼
///
/// 設計器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改
/// 此方法的內容。
///
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.textBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.folderBrowserDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog();
this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// label1
//
this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(20, 20);
this.label1.Name = "label1";
this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(70, 23);
this.label1.TabIndex = 0;
this.label1.Text = "源目錄";
//
// textBox1
//
this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 60);
this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(200, 21);
this.textBox1.TabIndex = 1;
this.textBox1.Text = "";
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(230, 60);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(63, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 2;
this.button1.Text = "瀏覽";
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// label2
//
this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(20, 104);
this.label2.Name = "label2";
this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 23);
this.label2.TabIndex = 3;
this.label2.Text = "目標目錄";
//
// textBox2
//
this.textBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 152);
this.textBox2.Name = "textBox2";
this.textBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(200, 21);
this.textBox2.TabIndex = 4;
this.textBox2.Text = "";
//
// button2
//
this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(130, 192);
this.button2.Name = "button2";
this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 23);
this.button2.TabIndex = 5;
this.button2.Text = "開始監測";
this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
//
// button3
//
this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(232, 152);
this.button3.Name = "button3";
this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(60, 23);
this.button3.TabIndex = 6;
this.button3.Text = "瀏覽";
this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click_1);
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 273);
this.Controls.Add(this.button3);
this.Controls.Add(this.button2);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox2);
this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
///
/// 應用程序的主入口點。
///
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
DialogResult result = folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog();
if( result == DialogResult.OK )
textBox1.Text = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath;
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
watcher.Path = textBox1.Text; //監測目錄改為textbox1.text
/* 此代碼片斷是MSDN裡找的,前面介紹過的 共純春製作的示範程序,很多問題,沒有解決的,更多請到我的blog來 http://blog.csdn.net/metababy*/
watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.LastAccess | NotifyFilters.LastWrite
| NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName;
// Only watch text files.
watcher.Filter = "";
// Add event handlers.
watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.Deleted += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnDeleted);
watcher.Renamed += new RenamedEventHandler(OnRenamed);
// Begin watching.
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
}
private void button3_Click_1(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
DialogResult result = folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog();
if( result == DialogResult.OK )
textBox2.Text = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath;
}
private void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
// Specify what is done when a file is changed, created, or deleted.
File.Copy(this.textBox1.Text+"\\"+e.Name,this.textBox2.Text+"\\"+e.Name,true);
}
private void OnRenamed(object source, RenamedEventArgs e)
{
// Specify what is done when a file is renamed.
File.Copy(this.textBox1.Text+"\\"+e.Name,this.textBox2.Text+"\\"+e.Name,true);
}
private void OnDeleted(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
File.Delete(this.textBox2.Text+"\\"+e.Name);
}
}
}